生物活性

• 描述Allantoin is the primary active compound in yams (Dioscorea spp.). Allantoin ameliorates the damage of β-cells induced by STZ (streptozotocin). The blockade by pharmacological inhibitors indicated that allantoin can activate the I3 (imidazoline 3) receptors through a PLC-related(phospholipase C) pathway to decrease this damage^[3]. Allantoin has anti-inflammatory and wound healing properties. Allantoin had a considerable effect on gastritis treatment, which seems to result from the reinforcement of gastric mucosal barrier^[4]. Allantoin decreased blood pressures in SHRs (spontaneous hypertensive rats) at 30 minutes, as the most effective time. Also, this antihypertensive action was shown in a dose-dependent manner from SHRs treated with allantoin. Moreover, in anesthetized rats, allantoin inhibited cardiac contractility and heart rate as showing in hemodynamic dP/dt max significantly. Also, the peripheral blood flow was markedly increased by allantoin^[5]. The subchronic administration of allantoin (1, 3 or 10 mg/kg, for 7 days) significantly increased the latency time measured during the passive avoidance task in scopolamine-induced cholinergic blockade and normal naïve mice. In conclusion, allantoin has memory-enhancing effects, and these effects may be partly mediated by the PI3K-Akt-GSK-3β signal pathway^[2].